The minimum punishment for the offense of drug trafficking is five years in prison, and for first-time offenders, the sentence can range from five to 40 years. However, the penalties may be increased if the defendant has a previous felony conviction. In addition to the mandatory prison sentences, drug offenders may be required to pay substantial monetary fines. Among the penalties that can be imposed for drug trafficking, the following are notable:
The mandatory minimum sentence for drug offenses has been set by federal legislators in 1986. These guidelines target high-level distributors and higher-level offenders, but they also affect low-level drug defendants. Most states use a similar approach to drug sentencing, which includes fixed prison sentences that are based on the drug type, its weight, and prior convictions. Some states are more severe than others, however, with simple possession of marijuana or weed punishable by 2 to 10 years in prison. Conversely, California has lighter penalties for drug possession, ranging from thirty dollars to $500, or fifteen to 180 days in jail.
The punishment for drug possession depends on the quantity of the drugs. In many states, drug possession is illegal unless it is accompanied by a valid permit, and the penalties are higher for a second or subsequent conviction. Additionally, possession of large quantities of a controlled substance is considered drug trafficking, and the penalty for a third or subsequent conviction can be much higher than the first. Depending on the drug, the punishment can range from three to life in prison.
In some cases, drug possession is a state-level crime, although federal charges may be more severe. A conviction for drug possession in any state can carry serious penalties, including mandatory minimum sentences and fines. For small amounts of a controlled substance, a person can be convicted of a federal crime. Federal drug laws regulate the possession of drugs, classifying substances into five schedules. The schedules are based on their perceived medical use, abuse potential, and safety.
The most common drug possession charge is simple possession, where the defendant has a small amount of a controlled substance for personal use. Typically, this charge is less serious than possession with intent to sell. Possession can be proven by two different methods: actual possession and constructive possession. In the former case, the defendant had knowledge of the drugs and controlled substances in their possession. In the latter case, the accused has an opportunity to hide the drugs within the controlled area.
Other factors can affect the drug conviction. The prosecutor may have evidence of intent to distribute the drug, so the quantity can be sufficient proof to get a felony conviction. Drug offenses in the USA vary greatly in their punishment, but even small amounts of marijuana are punished by misdemeanor charges. In some states, the punishment for marijuana possession is misdemeanors, and those convicted of drug trafficking are subject to fines, probation, or both.
